Nippon Steel has successfully developed the manufacturing technology of colored stainless steel by pulsed laser and computer-aided design. Nippon Steel is developed by immersing the stainless steel plate in nitric acid solution and then irradiating it with pulsed laser. The irradiation time is controlled. The surface of the steel plate will show seven colors, such as blue, green and golden yellow. The cost is only about one-seventh of that of other coloring processes.
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The company immersed the stainless steel plate with 17% chromium and 18% chromium and 8% nickel in 5% nitric acid solution, then irradiated it with pulsed laser at 0.8 Joule energy density per square meter. The results showed that the chromium content of the part of the stainless steel plate which was not irradiated by the laser was reduced to 10%; the chromium content of the part irradiated by the laser was increased with the irradiation. The increase of time is up to 30%. The color of the oxide film formed on the surface of stainless steel plate will change with the increase of chromium content under pulsed laser irradiation. Therefore, different colors of stainless steel can be obtained by controlling the time of laser irradiation.
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Among the common primary colored stainless steels, austenitic stainless steel is the most suitable material for coloring, and can obtain a satisfactory color appearance. Ferritic stainless steel is not as bright as austenitic stainless steel because it will increase the possibility of corrosion in coloring solution. The low chromium and high carbon martensitic stainless steel can only get dark color due to its poor corrosion resistance. Or black surface. It is reported that the color and lustre of austenitic stainless steel after coloring by oxidation treatment at low temperature have no obvious change after 6 years exposure in industrial atmosphere, 1.5 years exposure in oceanic atmosphere, 28 days soaking in boiling water, or being heated to about 300 C. In addition, the colored stainless steel colored by this method can also withstand general die pressing, drawing and bending processes.